Answer:
According to scientists in some countries, the latest DNA research located the red panda in its own independent family, the ailurids (Ailuridae). Ailurids are themselves part of the large superfamily Musteloidea, which also includes the Mephitidae, Mustelidae and Procyonidae families, but, unlike the giant panda, it is not a bear (Ursidae).
The taxonomic classification of red panda and giant panda has been the subject of debate for many decades, as it has characteristics of both bears and raccoons. However, they are only distantly linked by a common ancestor of the first Tertiary period. Its common ancestor dates back tens of millions of years, with a wide distribution in Eurasia.
Explanation:
Musteloids (Musteloidea) are a carnivorous mammalian superfamily united by distributed characters of the skull and teeth. Musteloids share a common ancestor with pinnipeds, specifically phocids, the family to which seals belong.
Musteloids consist of the families Ailuridae (red pandas), Mustelidae (mustelids: weasels), Procyonidae (protionids: raccoons and relatives) and Mephitidae (skunks).
In North America, the ursoids and musteloids appear first in the Chadronian (Upper Eocene). In Europe, ursoids and musteloids first appear in the lower Oligocene immediately following the great Stehlin break.
The Musteloidea superfamily may not be a monophyletic group. Some or all of the diagnostic characters may have evolved into two or more independent radiations from primitive ursoids such as Amphicynodon.
Label the following topographic map. Click on a label below the map to select it, and then click on the appropriate box on the map to place the label. (Increments for contour lines is 50 feet).
Choices:
River Flow East
Depression
2650 feet
Sleep Area
Answer:
Paul uses Irradiation. The technique uses gamma rays
Explanation:
Cellulose is another long polymer of glucose. Plant cells make their cell walls out of cellulose. In fact, 100 billion tons of cellulose is made every year on earth. Cellulose is indigestible in most animals, including us. Ever eat a cardboard box? You get the picture. We simply lack cellulase, the enzyme that can break it down. Some bacteria, some single-celled protists, and fungi have the enzyme. Animals that feed on cellulose harbor these microbes that help them digest it. Even though, we cannot break down this molecule, we do need cellulose in our diet. We call it “fiber”. Cellulose stimulates the colon to produce regular bowel movements and helps make the stools large and soft. A diet rich in fiber can prevent a painful intestinal disorder called diverticulosis. Hard impacted stools can sometimes cause the walls of the colon to form blind outpockets called diverticula which can periodically inflame. So what makes cellulose different from starch? Isn’t it made of glucose? Well it is but the glucose monomers are organized in an interesting fashion. The orientation of the glucose molecules alternates. So if the first one is right side up, the next one is upside down and then the next is right side up and the next one is upside down. Apparently this is a tricky arrangement for an enzyme to break.
The bile is produced by the liver and the gallblader only serves as storage between meals. The main stimulus for the release of bile from the gallblader comes from the nervous system,after food is put in the mouth.
