Racism and prejudice are phenomena that never ceased to exist, until 1964, there were various forms of discrimination in the United States, such as segregation between whites and blacks. After the Civil War, the white population of the southern United States created laws to limit the rights of blacks and to segregate them: blacks and whites did not attend the same schools, did not sit together on buses and did not serve together in the armed forces. . After the Second World War, several social groups, especially blacks, fought for equality before the law. In 1964, the United States Congress passed the Civil Rights Act, which put an end to the various state systems of racial segregation
since the 1800s theres been a lot of rebelius uprisings on the balkans expecialy in the begining of the 1900s(Ilinden Uprising) then the Ottoman Empire was at war (First Bakan War 1911-12) with Montenegro(started the war), Serbia, Macedonia, Bugaria and Greece in 1913(2nd Balkan war) Greece, Serbia, and Bugaria divided Macedonia Greece took Aegon Macedonia Serbia took Vardar Macedonia Bugaria(stared the war) took Pirin Macedonia(smalest part) ---- Ottoman Empire, after 1700s had to maintain status quo for falling technologicaly and economicaly apart from European counterparts. Diplomaticaly it could have lost its existence long time ago if England and France did not prevent Russia from further advancing. However at the last times of the empire English left supporting and Italy invaded Tripoli, at that time with Russian support Balkan Wars began which was probably the greatest defeat of Ottoman Empire, by the countries it ruled for 4 centuries directly or as vassals. As nobody wanted to ally with Ottoman Empire, Germany was only country that was interested in allying. Great German aid was made, in both army and industry. Construction of Istanbul-Baghdad railroad was also maintained by German industry. Under this pro-German aids Ottoman Empire sought to gain its old power, at least on Balkans, which was so close to its capital and were highly populated by Turkish population. Note: By the Ottoman official records 2,5 million immigrants came from newly founded countries which is a real high number as Turkish population of Ottoman Empire was about 10 millions before WW1.
The major downfall of the Articles of Confederation was simply weakness. The federal government, under the Articles, was too weak to enforce their laws and therefore had no power. The Continental Congress had borrowed money to fight the Revolutionary War and could not repay their debts.
Hope this helped! :)