The warmer the water, the larger the water depths must be to form the hydrate. Deep inside he sea floor, however, the temperature is too high for the formation of methane hydrates because of the Earth's internal heat. Oxidation Many bacteria use methane to provide energy for their metabolism.
-worldoceanreview.com
Chromosome duplications and deletions frequently result in abnormal phenotypes or inviable gametes. Gene dosage is modified is a major contributor to this phenomenon.
In the field of genetics, we can define gene dosage as the quantitative measure or copies of a particular gene that is present in an organism. Abnormalities in the gene dosage at a particular location can cause severe damage to the resulting phenotype.
Gene dosage can lead to chromosome duplications if the copy number or gene product is more and it can cause deletions if the copy number or gene product is less. Such complications will result in abnormal phenotypes or inviable gametes. For example, in Down's syndrome, the person has a modification of the 21st chromosome as there is one extra 21st chromosome present. This leads to a variety of diseases and defects in the person.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Chromosome duplications and deletions frequently result in abnormal phenotypes or inviable gametes. Which factor is a major contributor to this phenomenon?
a. Recessive diseases are unmasked by additional copies.
b. The genes are found in a novel arrangement.
c. Gene dosage is modified.
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Answer:
B) speciation.
Explanation:
The Galapagos island is known for the different varieties of finches (species of birds) which could be distinguished on the basis of different beak shapes and size.
This is the result of the selection pressure which led to the divergence of the species on the island through a mechanism called adaptive radiation.
Since the adaptive radiation leads to the formation of different species on the same island, the process of formation species is known as the speciation.
Thus, speciation is the correct answer.
Answer:
Output force is 4.8 N
Explanation:
A pulley is a simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it. Pulleys are used in the transmission of energy or motion.
The input force is also known as the applied force while the output force is the force exerted on an object by a simple machine.
The mechanical advantage of a pulley is the ratio of the output force to the input force.
Mechanical advantage = output force / input force
Substituting:
0.48 = output force / 10
Output force = 4.8 N
