The rivers led to fertile soil and protection for people in the area so it was a prime place for settlement. Example; Egypt and the Nile.
c. 1500, "to light up, shine on," a back-formation from illumination or else from Latin illuminatus, past participle of illuminare "light up, make light, illuminate." Earlier was enlumyen
I assume "Muslim belief system" refers to Islam, the religion, not any specific social construct. There are a lot of inherent elements. One is monotheism: there is only 1 god. Another element is the 5 Pillars of Islam, which give guidance on how to live one's life. Hope this helps.
Answer:
Alexander the Great credited the Hellenistic period
1. They were outnumbered and his men were injured
