This question is incomplete because the book is not given, but it can be easily found on the internet.
Explanation
The text deals with the kidnapping of Proserpina, perpetrated by Pluto who wanted her as his wife. This kidnapping was done with the approval of Jupiter (Proserpina's father and Pluto's brother). However, Ceres (Proserpina's mother) did not know anything about this plan, so when her daughter was kidnapped she had a time of depression and anguish, which had negative consequences on agriculture (because Ceres is the goddess of Agriculture). So, Other gods asked Ceres to allow the crops and the fertility of the soils to which she replied that she would if Pluto released her daughter. Once Pluto knew this, he decided to free Proserpina, but he tricked her, making her eat pomegranate seeds (the sacred food of the underworld).
When Proserpina came to her mother she told him that she had eaten these seeds, and her mother was alarmed because this would force Proserpina to be the queen of the underworld and to visit his husband Pluto for half a year, every year. Therefore, the seasons originated because when Proserpina must go to the underworld, her mother becomes sad causing the autumn and winter seasons, and when she returns with her mother they are the spring and summer seasons. So the correct answer is A. Jupiter.
