He criticized the Catholic church for not allowing the people to teach our question the clergy. He also criticized the belief that if people didn't accept the Pope as the head of the church they would go to Hell.
Slavery is what separated the north and the south. Its what caused the civil war. the north wanted to abolish slavery but the south needed it.
Farmers faced many problems in the late 1800s. Some of them included unpredictable weather leading to ruined crops, transportation problems making it hard to get crops to market, and many found it difficult to get credit.