Led by Alexander Hamilton, albeit secretly at first, the Federalists were the first political party of the United States. They supported the Constitution, and attempted to convince the States to ratify the document. Hamilton, along with John Jay and James Madison, anonymously published a series of essays known as the Federalist Papers under the pseudonym "Publius."
Both Hamilton and Madison argued that the Constitution didn't need a Bill of Rights, that it would create a "parchment barrier" that limited the rights of the people, as opposed to protecting them. However, they eventually made the concession and announced a willingness to take up the matter of the series of amendments which would become the Bill of Rights. Without this compromise, the Constitution may never have been ratified by the States.
Surprisingly enough, it was Federalist James Madison who eventually presented the Bill of Rights to Congress despite his former stance on the issue.
I would say there were more than two things that motivated the Founding Fathers to write the Constitution. The motivations of these people were many. But in terms of broad motives, I think we can pin down two:
To create a workable government. In the eyes of many Founding Fathers, the Articles of Confederation did not give enough power to the central government. The Articles government did not work. They drafted a new document to fix its problems. They did things like allowing Congress to tax, creating an executive and judicial branch to enforce Congress’ laws, and establishing for sure that the Federal Government had supremacy over the states.
To create a limited government. Nevertheless, the Founding Fathers (nearly all of whom would be considered libertarians today) did not want the Federal Government to have broad authority over our lives. Their federalist beliefs convinced them that broad authority should rest in the hands of the states, or better yet, the individual. They accomplished this by giving all legislative power to Congress and then by assigning specific powers to Congress. The enumerated powers are intended to limit Congress’ actions and prevent it from assuming it has power in any area.
I believe the answer is 4. During the reign of Askia Muhammad, the Songhai empire reached its greatest size.
Askia Muhammad was an emperor, military commander, and political reformer of the Songhai Empire in the 15th century. His rule resulted in trade with Europe and Asia, building of lots of schools, and spread of Islam through his empire.
Hope this helps! Please let me know if I'm wrong :)
