The Great Famine in Ireland began as a natural catastrophe of extraordinary magnitude, but its effects were severely worsened by the actions and inactions of the Whig government, headed by Lord John Russell in the crucial years from 1846 to 1852.
The Marshall Plan, first proposed in 1947 and enacted in 1948, was a U.S. program established to attract European countries into aligning with the United States and halt the spread of communism.
