Answer:
mutations can affect an organism by changing its physical characteristics (or phenotype) or it can impact the way dna codes the genetic information (genotype). when mutations occur they can cause termination (death) of an organism or they can be partially lethal.
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For the answer to the question above for property damage, one example we could give is buildings or houses. Erosion decreases the value of this properties because the materials like metal are oxidizing and rust overtime and the structure's strength is decreasing over time. As for damage to crops. the land's nutrients decrease overtime too. Which means the crops can get fewer nutrients from the soil in order to perform Photosynthesis.
The long-term effects of this things on humans are things get riskier. Like a car. A 20-year-old car isn't the same as a brand new car in whatever ways. The brand new cars are safer because the materials that are used there are newer than the old car and they are more reliable. Same for humans. A 5-year old's health is not the same as a 50-year-old's health.
