Answer:
Promoter is located upstream and terminator is located downstream relative to the transcription start site.
Explanation:
Transcription start site is the site from where the transcription starts which is denoted by +1. The sequence of nucleotides which is present backword to them called upstream sequence and nucleotide sequence which is present in the forward direction of transcription start site are called downstream sequence.
Promoter sequences are present upstream to the transcription start site and are denoted with a minus sign and terminator sequence is present downstream to the transcription start site.
Answer:
similarity
Starch, cellulose,dextran and glycogen are all polymers of glucose
differences
monomer/glucose glycosidic bond branching
1.starch α glucose 1-4 and 1-6 branch and unbranced
amylose 1-4 unbranched
amylopectin 1-4 and 1-6 branched
2. dextran α glucose 1-6 branched
3. cellulose β glucose 1-4 unbranched, linear
4. glycogen α glucose 1-4 and 1-6 branched (shorter
branches than starch)
Enzyme: amlase acts on starch and cellulase acts on cellulose as they are specific for their substrates.
Explanation:
Starch: Consists of both branched amylopectin and unbranched amylose
Enzymes: Enzymes are specific as the gulcose molecule in starch is α and in cellulose is β which differ in their position of hydroxyl groups at anomeric carbon, their structures differ so they form different bonds. Active sites of enzymes can act only on specific bonds a sthey can fit to their specific substrates.
Answer:
The independent variable is "controlled" or held constant in the control group.
Explanation:
The common ancestor.
A phylogenetic tree shows how a species
originates (by evolution) other species. It’s very similar a genealogic tree. If
you want your family tree, you should write down your name and the names of all
your brothers and sisters and then draw a line from all those names to the
names of your parents, and then draw a line from the name of your father to the
names of your gramma and grampa, and then do the same with the names of your aunts
and uncles. If you repeat the process with many, many generations, you will
have the common ancestor to all of those relatives. You can do the same with
species: for example, humans are supposed to have a common ancestor with
monkeys, so their lines will end together in the same point in the graph. Then
you have to draw a line from that point to another point that will be shared
with other mammalians, then Mammalians share a point with other vertebrates,
and so on… If you keep on going, you will get to LUCA someday.
