DNA is essentially a storage molecule. It contains all of the instructions a cell needs to sustain itself. These instructions are found within genes, which are sections of DNA made up of specific sequences of nucleotides. In order to be implemented, the instructions contained within genes must be expressed, or copied into a form that can be used by cells to produce the proteins needed to support life.
The instructions stored within DNA are read and processed by a cell in two steps: transcription and translation. Each of these steps is a separate biochemical process involving multiple molecules. During transcription, a portion of the cell's DNA serves as a template for creation of an RNA molecule. (RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is chemically similar to DNA, except for three main differences described later on in this concept page.) In some cases, the newly created RNA molecule is itself a finished product, and it serves an important function within the cell. In other cases, the RNA molecule carries messages from the DNA to other parts of the cell for processing. Most often, this information is used to manufacture proteins. The specific type of RNA that carries the information stored in DNA to other areas of the cell is called messenger RNA, or mRNA.
How does transcription proceed?
Transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA template strand and begins assembling a new chain of nucleotides to produce a complementary RNA strand. There are multiple types of types of RNA. In eukaryotes, there are multiple types of RNA polymerase which make the various types of RNA. In prokaryotes, a single RNA polymerase makes all types of RNA. Generally speaking, polymerases are large enzymes that work together with a number of other specialized cell proteins. These cell proteins, called transcription factors, help determine which DNA sequences should be transcribed and precisely when the transcription process should occur.
Answer:
The statement that is not true for antibody staining is it can provide information about gene expression.
Explanation:
Antibody staining is important aspect of applied immunology. Antibody staining is done to determine a specific protein in a given sample.Antibody staining is done by using fluorescent dyes and also by using specific enzyme such as horse reddish peroxidase,alkaline phosphatase.
Antibody staining can be visualized with either fluorescent or radioactive labels. Antibody staining can be performed by western blotting method.Multiple antibodies can be used to stain different proteins.Antibody staining requires the hybridization of the complementary base sequence of the antibody and also the target protein to which it binds.
The answer is D. Just think how hard it would be to see a moth of that colour when just about everything during that time period is grey.
Answer:
The correct answer is: c) usually produces offspring that cannot reproduce.
Explanation:
Hybridization, also knowns as selective breeding, is an <u>artificial process</u><u> that involves selecting parents with specific characteristics in order to obtain an offspring with the same traits</u>.
Hybridization is very common and has been performed by humans for thousands of years: from selective breeding crop plants, to do so with dogs in order to create more desirable breeds.
Option A is incorrect because hybridation does not occur in nature, it is an artificial process.
Option B is incorrect because hybridation often happens when the selected parents are chosen to reproduce (by a human).
Option D is correct because an important amount of hybrids are sterile (for example: mules).
Option D is incorrect as well because the offspring is not identical: it shares a combination of genes from both parents.
The correct answer is the first statement.
In intraspecies competition, there is a competition for recourses among the individuals from the same species. This is due to the limited availability of the recourses in the habitat. Only the fittest individuals will be able to gather enough recourses and survive.
