Nucleotide substitutions in a gene occur at a relatively constant rate.
A nonsynonymous substitution is a nucleotide mutation that alters the amino acid sequence of a protein. Nonsynonymous substitutions differ from synonymous substitutions, which do not alter amino acid sequences and are (sometimes) silent mutations.
Tails of the phospholipids in the phospholipid bilayer are hydrophobic, consisting of fatty acid chains.
<span>Phospholipids are composed of two fatty acids, glycerol and phosphate groups, forming an amphipathic molecule. Amphipathic molecules are built from hydrophilic (water-loving) and hydrophobic (not attracted to water) molecules. The phospholipids in the plasma membrane are arranged in two layers, called a phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic molecules (fatty acids) are on the interior of the membrane, whereas the water-loving heads (phosphate head) point outwards, toward either the cytoplasm or the fluid that surrounds the cell. The head group and fatty acids are attached <span>to </span>a glycerol unit.</span>
Answer:
Ions are an atom or group of atoms that either has a positive or negative charge. An ion with a negative charge is called an anion and one with a positive charge is a cation.
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Answer:
Meristematic tissue.
Explanation:
Meristematic tissue contains stem cells which can differentiate into permanent cells. This tissue is at all continuous growth points in a plant, at the apical buds ( where leaves and flowers form) and at the ends of roots.
- dermal tissue is in animals - this refers to the tissues associated with skin
- vascular tissue refers to the xylem and phloem of a plant- no growth occurs here.
- Permanent tissue is tissue which has already differentiated and grown. This is the final form.
Answer:
Generally, a seismograph consists of a mass attached to a fixed base. During an earthquake, the base moves and the mass does not. The motion of the base with respect to the mass is commonly transformed into an electrical voltage. The electrical voltage is recorded on paper, magnetic tape, or another recording medium.
