Simple version:
First, the section with the desirable gene must be identified. Assuming that has already happened, the section of DNA must be excised from the original genome using restriction enzymes, which recognize certain DNA sequences and snip DNA at those sites. DNA ligase is used to "glue" these ends back together. The DNA is inserted into a plasmid (also with restriction enzymes), which would usually contain antibiotic-resistance genes (so they survive in an environment containing the antibiotic, which would also help show if the bacteria have been successfully transformed).
Then comes the actual transformation process. The bacteria to be transformed are mixed with calcium chloride (which causes the bacteria to be more receptive to the plasmids) and then mixed with the plasmids. The bacterial cells are subjected to a heat shock (the solution is heated and rapidly cooled, e.g. by placing the mixture in a hot water bath and quickly transferred to ice) so they will take up the plasmid (since the temperature change makes the membrane more permeable). The bacteria are placed on a growth medium containing the antibiotic they're resistant to. Only those successfully transformed would survive.
Answer:
The biggest sharks can reach up to 20 feet long, but most are smaller. The average female is 15-16 feet long, while males reach 11-13 feet.
Explanation:
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Answer:
They are negatively affecting the niche of the insect in its habitat. The Insect might not survive this
Answer:
B. To make sure that the two new cells have slightly different genetic codes.
Explanation:
Answer:
base substitutions and base additions or deletions
Explanation:
there are two main types of point mutational changes: base substitutions and base additions or deletions. Base substitutions are those mutations in which one base pair substitutes for another. They, again, can be divided into two subcategories: transitions and transversions.
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