First-pass effect.
The first-pass effect involves drugs that are given PO and absorbed from the small intestine directly into the portal venous system, which delivers the drug molecules to the liver. Once in the liver, enzymes break the drug into metabolites; they may become active or may be deactivated and readily excreted from the body. A large percentage of the oral dose is usually destroyed and never reaches tissues. Oral dosages account for this phenomenon to ensure an appropriate amount of the drug in the body to produce a therapeutic action. Passive diffusion is the major process through which drugs are absorbed into the body. Active transport is a process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney. Glomerular filtration is the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma into the renal tubule.
Answer:
Option B, They generally focus on one target insect to ensure that the target insect population remains low.
Explanation:
Biological pest control methodologies are focused towards a specific species of pest and do not harm the non-targeted species. These methods are environment friendly and do not produce any harmful residues. Also they do not develop any kind of resistance in species due to which the same bio pesticide can be used again and again. Since these methods have high specificity, they may require usage of two or more bio pesticides all together.
Hence, option B is correct
Answer:
Carbon cycle may be defined as a type of biogeochemical cycle that regulates the amount of carbon in nature. The carbon is released by the living animals and utilized by the plants in form of carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis consumes the carbon dioxide to make carbohydrates where as cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide and breakdown the carbohydrate. Both these process helps in recycling of the carbon in nature and maintains the level of carbon in nature.
Cattle depend on microorganisms in their digestive tract to digest the cellulose in their diets. The Cattle and the microorganisms are Symbionts. Since they are not able to digest the cellulose that they eat from plants.
