1840- Fiji Islands. - July. Naval forces landed to punish native for attacking American exploring and surveying parties.
The correct answer here would be B - adoption of cultural characterstics of the conquerors by the vanquished.
However, this was not neccessarily the case always as sometimes those who conquered could adopt some characteristics of those they conquered. However, in general, B would be the correct answer.
I believe that it's Nebuchadnezzar II. He was known for many great architectural changes and such...