GABA(gamma amino butyric acid) is an inhibitor neurotransimitter. When it attaches to the post-synaptic segment it causes an influx of anions that makes is harder to generate an action potential.
Phosphate is when DNA has already been replicated. Metaphase is when the spindle attaches to the chromosomes. Anaphase is when the cells split and are called daughter cells. Telophase is when the nuclei is formed.