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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating and an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by immune-mediated myelin and axonal damage, and chronic axonal loss attributable to the absence of myelin sheaths. T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, CD8+, NKT, CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells) and B cells are involved in this disorder, thus new MS therapies seek damage prevention by resetting multiple components of the immune system. The currently approved therapies are immunoregulatory and reduce the number and rate of lesion formation but are only partially effective. This review summarizes current understanding of the processes at issue: myelination, demyelination and remyelination—with emphasis upon myelin composition/architecture and oligodendrocyte maturation and differentiation. The translational options target oligodendrocyte protection and myelin repair in animal models and assess their relevance in human. Remyelination may be enhanced by signals that promote myelin formation and repair. The crucial question of why remyelination fails is approached is several ways by examining the role in remyelination of available MS medications and avenues being actively pursued to promote remyelination including: (i) cytokine-based immune-intervention (targeting calpain inhibition), (ii) antigen-based immunomodulation (targeting glycolipid-reactive iNKT cells and sphingoid mediated inflammation) and (iii) recombinant monoclonal antibodies-induced remyelination.Keywords: calpain, central nervous system, demyelination, fingolimod, glycolipids, lipids, multiple sclerosis, myelin, myelination, NKT cells, oligodendrocytes, remyelination, T cells
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Joints? If this is a real question haha hope it helps
Answer: X is the quantity value.
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Answer:
Identify the decision to start eating healthy
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hope this helps
Answer[:]
Football has impacted our society in many ways. Some of them being good ways, and some of them being bad.
Here is a way Football has impacted our society. Normally on a causal Sunday morning, people would go to Church. People would rest and spend a day with God. Instead they wake up, turn on the TV, and stare at a football game all morning. Football has drastically changed the way we spend our Sunday mornings.
Another way Football has impacted our society is for school reasons. If students need and want to get into college, and Football is the only way to do it, that's a pretty positive impact. Getting a scholarship to play college football is a great way to get into college.
These reasons are just a few of many reasons of how football has impacted our society.
[:] DustinBR [:]
