Answer:
C3 plants would have faster growth rates; C4 plants would be minimally affected.
Explanation:
C3 and C4 pathways are the variations of dark reactions of photosynthesis present in green plants. The photosynthetic efficiency of C3 plants is reduced due to the affinity of RuBisCo enzyme for oxygen which in turn leads to the futile pathway of photorespiration. RuBisCo enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction of the C3 pathway. On the other hand, the C4 plants concentrate CO2 around RuBisCo in their bundle sheath cells of leaves to minimize photorespiration and exhibit higher rates of photosynthesis.
Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 would reduce the photorespiration in C3 plants and would allow them to fix CO2 efficiently due to the increased concentration of CO2 around the enzyme RuBisCo. The increased photosynthetic efficiency would help these plants to exhibit faster growth rates.
However, the photosynthetic rate of C4 plants is not limited by CO2 concentration as they themselves reduce photorespiration by spatial separation of primary carboxylation in mesophyll cell and CO2 fixation in bundle sheath cells. Hence, increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere would not have any impact on their photosynthetic rate and growth.
Soil because that has to deal with roots, and photosynthesis happens in leaves. So the soil doesn't have anything to do with photosynthesis.
<h2>Answer</h2>
By the attraction between atomic particles of opposite charge
<u>Explanation</u>
An ionic bond is created by the attraction between atomic particles of opposite charge because when the charges are unlike they attract and in this type of attraction there is a complete transfer of charges. In the ionic bond complete transfer of charges takes place. Ionic bonds are formed between elements which have electronegativity changes greater than 1.4 or less than that. It is formed by a combination of cation and anion.
