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Evolution of the atmosphere<span>, </span><span>the development of </span>Earth<span>’s </span>atmosphere<span> across </span>geologic time<span>. The process by which the current atmosphere arose from earlier conditions is complex; however, evidence related to the evolution of Earth’s atmosphere, though indirect, is abundant. Ancient sediments and rocks record past changes in atmospheric composition due to chemical reactions with Earth’s crust and, in particular, to biochemical processes associated with life.</span>
If we assume Aa is husband which is hetero-zygote and aa is wife which is normal then their cross will be Aa X aa and first generation will be Aa aa aa Aa.
Further explanation
Cross between Aa (heterozygote male) and aa (normal female)
Here is cross between a normal wife (aa) and a heterozygote husband (Aa)
Aa X aa
First generation
Aa Aa aa aa
Result
It is clearly seen that ration is 1:1 which mean half are heterozygote and half are normal offspring. As they already told about number of offspring which is 25, So according to 1:1 12.5 are normal and 12.5 are heterozygote.
Chi-square Test
It is test used to evaluate the observed the expected values.
Chi-square formula
χ2=∑(o-e)2/e
Here o= observed and e= expected
Calculation through chi-square value
It is given below
For heterozigous (14-12.5)2/12.5=0.18
For normal (11-12.5)2/12.5=0.18
By putting values of both heterozygous and recessive in chi-square formula
χ2=0.18+0.18=0.36
Answer details
Subject: Biology
Level: High school
Key words
- Cross between Aa (hetrozygote male) and aa (normal female)
- Chi-square Test
- Chi-square formula
- Calculation through chi-square value
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