Answer: C. 30 - 50 million years ago
Explanation:
Fossils found in layer Y formed 30 million years ago according to the graph above. Similarly, fossils found in layer Z formed 50 million years ago.
If a fossil (fern fossil) is found between layer Y and layer Z, it means that it formed between the years that the fossils in layers Y and Z formed which is 30 - 50 million years ago.
By predicting how the sodium-potassium pump becomes integrated into outer cell membrane. The prediction that is false is the mRNA coding into sodium pump is translated into the pump on two ribosomes.
<h3>What is sodium-potassium pump?</h3>
The sodium-potassium pump is an enzyme (an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase) present in the membrane of all animal cells. It is also known as sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, Na+/K+-ATPase, or sodium-potassium ATPase. It serves a number of purposes in cell physiology.
The enzyme Na+/K+-ATPase is activated (i.e. it uses energy from ATP). Three sodium ions are exported and two potassium ions are imported for each ATP molecule used by the pump. As a result, each pump cycle results in the net export of one positive charge.
There are four distinct sodium pump isoforms or subtypes in mammals. Each has distinct qualities and patterns of tissue expression. The P-type ATPase family includes this enzyme.
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Elaborative rehearsal is a memory system that includes contemplating the significance of the term to be recalled, instead of essentially rehashing the word to yourself again and again. For instance, you have to recall the expression "neuron."
Answer: No
Explanation: Since when a child is born it has DNA from both. As an example, the mom has brown hair, father has blonde hair, the child would take the DNA for the type of hair they get, either blonde or brown. So since its blood, the fathers is A, and the boy's is B, therefore it didn't take any of their DNA's so nope, he isn't the father.
Answer:
Blood clothing is an example of positive feedback.
This type of feedback mechanism is useful to the body because it multiplies the factor that intervenes in clotting accelerating the process.
If a toxin affects the molecules that signal for platelets the feedback will not be effective enough to produce clotting and the body will keep bleeding.
Explanation:
Blood clotting is an example of positive feedback due to the fact that when the vascular endothelium is damaged platelets will go to this area and activate themselves once they are in contact with the collagen fibers of the damaged structure. When the platelets are activated they will release the contents that is stored in their granules. One of the contents is a Gq-linked protein receptor cascade, that will increase the concentration of calcium in the platelets. Calcium activates protein kinase C, which, in turn, activates phospholipase A2 (PLA2). PLA2 will modifies an integrin membrane increasing its affinity to bind fibrinogen. The activated platelets change their shape , and the fibrinogen cross-links with the integrin membrane aiding in the aggregation of adjacent platelets. After this the coagulation cascade takes place. there are two pathways the extrinsic and the extrinsic one.
The extrinsic pathway will be activated due to tissular factor released by the platelets and the intrinsic pathway will be activated due to endothelial collagen. The final product of both pathways is factor x.
Factor x will transform prothrombin into thrombin will activate the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. Thrombin will form a net of fibrin that will the clot.
A cascade reaction is useful because every component of the cascade are related making a quick reaction once that one of then is activated and can activate other or more factors.
If a toxin affects the molecules that signals for platelets, platelets will not go to the damaged area and in consequence there will not be thrombin and fibrin to form the clot together with platelets.
