Anaerobic cellular respiration has three stages. The first stage is called glycosis where glucose is split into two pyruvate molecules.
Carbohydrates or starch polymers are formed by condensation which bonding together of monomers (monosaccharides) and loosing a molecule of water in the process. These polymers include glycogen and starch and they may be formed by aggregation of monomers in the cells assisted by enzymes.
Fat polymers are formed through the attachments of monomers such as alkyl or allyl chains, aliphatic or aromatic to one of the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol, consuming one or two or all 3 hydroxyl groups of glycerol now called mono, bi or triglycerides respectively.
Proteins polymers are compounds derived from amino acids monomers. Amino acids have carboxy snd sn smino group on the same carbon. The amino acids polymerize by condensation to form protein chains.
Size of the biomolecules is normally based on the molecules of concern, in this case i would state that fatty acids or fatty polymers usually have 4 to 28 carbon atoms, Starch contains about 30 glucose units (amylopectin) while number of amino acid units in a protein depends on the sequences of the bases in the gene that encode a particular protein.
The trp operon is a group of genes that code for enzymes involved in the synthesis of tryptophan, an amino acid.
The regulation of these genes is done by two regulatory processes:
- Transcriptional attenuation
- Post-transcriptional attenuation.
Transcriptional attenuation is the process by which transcription of a gene is reduced by the binding of regulatory proteins to the DNA at or near the promoter region. Post-transcriptional attenuation is a process where degradation of RNA molecules occurs after they are transcribed from DNA, but before they are translated into protein.
<h3 /><h3>How do they modulate trp operon transcript levels?</h3>
- The trp operon is a system of genes that encode the enzymes needed to synthesize tryptophan from indole-3-glycerol phosphate.
- The transcription of these genes is controlled by a repressor protein. When tryptophan levels are high, the repressor binds to the operator and prevents transcription. When tryptophan levels are low, the repressor is not bound to the operator and transcription can proceed.
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<span>A pause is between each atmospheric layer, and a pause consists of a continuous unchanging temperature throughout. </span>
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i love the leaf on trees, they can change color and are pretty.