Pairs of Unit Factors, or Genes
Mendel proposed that paired unit factors of heredity were transmitted faithfully from generation to generation by the dissociation and reassociation of paired factors during gametogenesis and fertilization, respectively. After he crossed peas with contrasting traits and found that the recessive trait resurfaced in the F2 generation, Mendel deduced that hereditary factors must be inherited as discrete units. This finding contradicted the belief at that time that parental traits were blended in the offspring.
A gene is made up of short sections of DNA that are contained on a chromosome within the nucleus of a cell. Genes control the development and function of all organs and all working systems in the body. A gene has a certain influence on how the cell works; the same gene in many different cells determines a certain physical or biochemical feature of the whole body (e.g., eye color or reproductive functions). All human cells hold approximately 21,000 different genes.
Genetics is the science of the way traits are passed from parent to offspring. For all forms of life, continuity of the species depends upon the genetic code being passed from parent to offspring. Evolution by natural selection is dependent on traits being heritable. Genetics is very important in human physiology because all attributes of the human body are affected by a person’s genetic code. It can be as simple as eye color, height, or hair color. Or it can be as complex as how well your liver processes toxins, whether you will be prone to heart disease or breast cancer, and whether you will be color
Hair color, eye color, height, and even some disorders such as schizophrenia
Answer:
<em>The correct option is A) O→ orange, o→ black</em>
Explanation:
A dominant allele can be described as the allele which masks the effect of a recessive allele. A recessive allele can be described as the allele whose effect gets suppressed by the dominant allele. A dominant allele is written with a capital letter whereas a recessive allele is referred with a small letter.
As the option A shows capital letter, O, for the dominant orange trait and small letter, o , for the recessive black trait hence, it is the correct option.
