Answer:b) shaping
Explanation:
When an organism is taught a new behavior by gradually reinforcing behavior that is in close approximation to the desired behavior, until the behavior is completely learnt. The desired behaviour here is that the rat must eventual touch the lever but to get there small approximate behavior are slowly reinforced starting with first getting it close to the lever first , then when it has leaned that it can then be taught to stand until the desired behavior can be finally introduced.
So a subject is slowly and slowly taught behaviours that may lead it to the final required behavior.
Answer is normative social influence.
Reason
Normative social influence is where a person conforms to fit in with the group because they don't want to appear foolish or be left out. Normative social influence is usually associated with compliance, where a person changes their public behavior but not their private beliefs.
Maybe try looking it up or ask ur teacher for help
This conversion of one form of energy into another is called: <u>transduction</u>.
<u>Explanation</u>:
In the above scenario, the light energy received by Samantha on opening her eyes to see the flowers was then converted into neural messages to process by the brain. This kind of conversion of energy is known as transduction.
Transduction is done as the physical energy cannot be directly transmitted to the brain. It is then converted into electrical signals like neural impulses and transmitted to the brain. The transmission of signals from an exterior of cell to its interior is known as cell signaling or signal transduction. To achieve appropriate response, the signals received by cells should be effectively transmitted to another cell.
