When trying to figure out the outcome of an experiment that you don't fully understand or can't find out what the result would be beforehand.
The answer is <span>To become specialized, cells need to control the production of proteins coded for in their DNA.
All genetic information in a cell's DNA is not fully expressed at all times. On the contrary, in different cell lines, different DNA segments are expressed at different times. Some genes are active in unspecialized cells and later deactivate, some are activated only in specialized cells, for example. These are facultative genes which are active when needed, unlike constitutive genes which are expressed continually. Therefore, <u>t</u></span><span><u>o become specialized, cells need to control the production of proteins coded for in their DNA. </u>DNA segments, however, remain in cell and are not destroyed. Also, during the mitosis, all genes are passed, not only required genes.</span>
That would be geographical information systems (aka GIS).
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a gentic disorder which has an impact on numerous physiological systems. PWS affected individuals (specifically babies) experience delayed growth, significant hypotonia (low muscle tone), and feeding issues. It does effect circadian rhythms in mice models.
SNORD116, often referred to as HBII-85, is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that contributes to the alteration of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). Unlike the majority of other snoRNAs, SNORD116 is not significantly complementary to ribosomal RNA and is expressed widely in the brain (but not in PWS patients).
According to the studies, SNORD116 cause sleep defect in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome. Same observation was seen in mouse models too. Paternal expression of SNORD116 is thought to be a potential gene for the sleep disruptions/circadian rhythm’s that the majority of PWS sufferers.
To learn more about circadian rhythm click here
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the one that is considered a chemcial mutagen is : Tobacco Chemical mutagen refer to the substance that affected the DNA of those who consume the substancce or their offspring. Studies showed that consuming tobacco has proven to created DNA deformations for the fetus if it consumed by pregnant women.