The term "enlightened monarch" is a type of "absolute monarch". A "constitutional monarch" has many legal checks on their power. An "enlightened monarch" still has all of the power, but they voluntarily choose to use it in accordance with enlightened principals. they support the arts and education and social agenda.
Because it was the beginning of the fall of communism. it began in Poland withe the solidarity movement led by lech Walesa who later became the first democratic president of Poland.
