Galileo figured out that the earth revolved around the sun (or he built on that theory). The Catholic church however, taught that the earth was the center of the universe. IF they were proved wrong (and they were) people would question their other doctrines and teachings, and so they wanted Galileo to keep quiet about his discoveries.
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The best answer for this question would be:
Newberry v. United States
<span>The involvement of this campaign was
the “federal campaign expenditures” law. This gave a quote that there was no necessity
in holding the election, therefore allowing the southern states to discriminate
against the blacks.</span>
"The Code of Hammurabi was one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes and was proclaimed by the Babylonian king Hammurabi, who reigned from 1792 to 1750 B.C. Hammurabi expanded the city-state of Babylon along the Euphrates River to unite all of southern Mesopotamia."
Hope this helps :)
A). They were considered property and had no rights