C. Neon is the element which is not likely to form bonds. This is because neon is a noble gas, which means that it already has the maximum of 8 valence electrons, and doesn't need more, whereas gold, oxygen, and mercury can bond more electrons.
This problem is asking for an explanation of what happens when an ionic bond is formed. Although the choices are not given in the question, one can find them on the attached file and realize the answer is C "a less electronegative atom donates an electron to a more electronegative atom" according to:
<h3>Types of bonds:</h3><h3 />
In chemistry, the forces that hold atoms together are known as chemical bonds and act like connections for atoms to form compounds. There exist ionic and covalent bonds, so the formers occur when electrons are thoroughly donated from the least electronegative atom to the most electronegative one.
On the flip side, covalent bonds occur when the electrons are shared between the two or more of the atoms forming the compound. In such a way, one can discard choices A and B because they are more related to covalent bonds.
Therefore, one can select C "a less electronegative atom donates an electron to a more electronegative atom" as the correct answer, because not all the elements are able to donate more than one single electron, and the less its valency, the more ionic the compound turns out to be.
Learn more about types of bonds: brainly.com/question/792566
CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3CH2CHO < CH3CHOHCH3
Explanation:
Boiling point trend of Butane, Propan-1-ol and Propanal.
Butane is a member of the CnH2n+2 homologous series is an alkane. Alkanes have C-H and C-C bonds which have Van der waals dispersion forces which are temporary dipole-dipole forces (forces caused by the electron movement in a corner of the atom). This bond is weak but increases as the carbon chain/molecule increases.
In Propan-1-ol(Primaryalcohol), there is a hydrogen bond present in the -OH group. Hydrogen bond is caused by the attraction of hydrogen to a highly electronegative element like Cl-, O- etc. This bond is stronger than dispersion forces because of the relative energy required to break the hydrogen bond. Alcohols (CnH2n+1OH) also experience van der waals dispersion forces on its C-C chain and C-H so as the Carbon chain increases the boiling point increases in the homologous series.
Propanal which is an Aldehyde (Alkanal) with the general formula CnH2n+1CHO. This molecule has a C-O, C-C and C-H bonds only. If you notice, the Oxygen is not bonded to the Hydrogen so there is no hydrogen bond but the C-O bond has a permanent dipole-dipole force caused by the electronegativity of oxygen which is bonded to carbon. It also has van der waals dispersion forces caused by the C-C and C-H as the carbon chain increases down the homologous series. The permanent dipole-dipole forces are not as easy to break as van der waals forces.
In conclusion, the hydrogen bonds present in alcohols are stronger than the permanent dipole-dipole bonds in the aldehyde and the van der waals forces in alkanes (irrespective of the carbon chain in Butane). So Butane < Propanal < Propan-1-ol
Hydronium ions are basically H+ ions.
So if [OH-]>[H+]
This means that the substance is more basic.
and basic substances a pH>7.
Therefore a possible pH value would be 10.
