Answer: Externalities are side effects (good or bad) that occur when a person or a company performs an activity and does not assume all the costs of it, or all the benefits that could be reported. In this way we can distinguish:
Negative externality: Arises when not all the costs of a negative effects are assumed. In these cases, a social cost is generated, since it is the whole society that suffers the consequences of its actions. And the market price does not collect this cost.
Positive externality: Arises from a positive effect that is not reported as a benefit. An example of positive externality that we can mention is scientific research, from which society in general benefits. In these cases, market place do not reflect the real benefits.
Answer: a) precipitation
Explanation:
Precipitation defined as the weather condition which brings rainfall in any particular climate zone as per the conditions. Vegetation of any climatic zone is influenced through rainfall because soil has certain potential to hold water in certain amount.
If precipitation is high of any neutral climatic zone then there might be chances of water overflow or flooding and low precipitation can lead to scarcity of water due to which growth of vegetation will not take place properly.
Other options are incorrect because wind oceans, latitude and prevail does not impact the vegetation that takes place in any certain climate zone. Thus, the correct option is option(a).
Answer:
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