A <u>practical</u> standard is the quantity of material required if the process is 100fficient without any loss or waste.
Sensible requirements are the requirements that are set for everyday working conditions. They account for reasonable and unavoidable wastages which are part and parcel of the normal manufacturing manner. Practical standards remember the effect that factors along with machine preservation and maintenance time, everyday employee breaks, etc.
Perfect requirements aren't practical standards, apart from in the very quick run, and are consequently of little use for control wherein their use will be very demotivating for employees. Achievable standards constitute what will be done with a reasonable degree of effort below ordinary working situations.
Ideal preferred costs, those preferred expenses constitute the best overall performance. They assume 100% efficiency, that there are no losses or idle time. They constitute the minimal charges that are feasible below the maximum efficient running situations.
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Answer:
As the first payment occurs on option 7 n interest rate higher enough can make the 50 dollars received first make the difference.
The switch produced at a rate of :
300%
Interest rate below this mark favor option 6
while higher than this favor option 7
Explanation:
Option 6
perpetuity of 100 discounted 1.5 year
perpetuity of 50 every 3 years discounted 3 years
as the payment are every three years we calcualte an equivalent rate:
Option 7
perpetuity of 50 discounted 1 year
perpetuity of 100 every 2 years discounted 2.5 years
equivalent biannual rate
having the formulas
we can do it on excel solver to look at which rate the switch produces
Answer:
Laurel bond % change = -6.6%
Hardy bond % change = -16.3%
Explanation:
current bond price $1,000
interest rate 7%
Laurel bond matures in 4 years, 8 semiannual payments
Hardy bonds matures in 15 years, 30 semiannual payments
if market interest increases to 9%
Laurel bond:
$1,000 / (1 + 4.5%)⁸ = $703.19
$35 x 6.59589 (annuity factor, 4.5%, 8 periods) = $230.86
market price = $934.05
% change = -6.6%
Hardy bond:
$1,000 / (1 + 4.5%)³⁰ = $267.00
$35 x 16.28889(annuity factor, 4.5%, 30 periods) = $570.11
market price = $837.11
% change = -16.3%
Answer:
Used in determining whether or not a project is an acceptable capital investment
The difference between the present value of cash inflow and cash outflow of a project
Explanation:
Net present value of a project is an investment appraisal tool that is used in determining the value of all future cash flow that will be generated by a project in order to know the project with maximum profit even right from the onset.
The is done by discounting the present and the future cash flow to the present value and the differences highlighted.
One of the key purpose of the net present value of projects is that it points out whether a project will be an acceptable capital investment or not. When the net present value of cash inflow is greater than the cash outflow, it is indicates a profitable project and vice versa.
Answer:
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