After my research the answer is that they are forms of electromagnetic radiation as far as I know.
Endoplasmic Recticulum:
<span>a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis</span>
1. What is the relationship between chromosomes and DNA? The chromosome is a molecule formed by a chain of DNA associated with proteins. Together, they form a group of molecules directly responsible for heredity.
2. What is heredity? It is the biological process where the genes present in a DNA are transmitted by parents to their children, through the division of gametes. These genes carry the codes that form the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, which allows a similarity between parents and children to occur.
3. What is the role of proteins associated with the DNA molecule that makes up the gene? Proteins are responsible for keeping the DNA line tightly compressed, maintaining the chromosome structure. In addition, they control the activities of the genes present in this DNA molecule, being essential in maintaining heredity.
4. How do chromosomes participate in gene transmission? As mentioned above, genes are part of DNA and DNA is the molecule that makes up chromosomes, in this case, chromosomes are molecules loaded with genes. In the human body, cells have 46 pairs of chromosomes, with the exception of gametes that have half that number. During the reproductive process, the gametes (reproductive cells) divide and produce a new being. The mother's gametes unite with the father's gametes to form a new being. Each gamete has 23 chromosomes, which contain the genes responsible for transmitting the characteristics.
<span>The third option:</span><span>This statement is true because every step in protein synthesis requires enzymes, which are nothing but proteins.</span><span>
</span>I mean if you look at rRNA which is needed to make polypeptide chains, it is 2/3 protein, and then the helices, ss binding proteins, DNA polymerase and everything in transcription is protein.
So that last option/ third option is the best
