Jane Goodall wrote a very valuable article called "I Acknowledge mine" where she argues about exploiting animals and the need to ensure respect for animal rights. In this article Goodall condemns the practice of using chimpanzees in bio-scientific research, as well as emphasizing the importance of the human race in maintaining the safety and well-being of animals.
To present the argument efficiently Goodall makes use of the rhetorical strategic ethos, pathos and logos. She uses pathos when she shows the suffering these animals go through, when they are used to promote scientific advancement from which they will not usurp, even going so far as to die in the process. In this way, it appeals to people's emotions so that they have empathy for the cause of the chimpanzees.
She uses ethos, showing that we, as rational human beings capable of distinguishing the correct from the incorrect situations, must impose ourselves and demand that biomedical companies respect animal rights and not use them in irresponsible ways that cause pain and suffering to they. In this way, it appeals to the ethical values of readers.
Finally, she uses the logos, showing that the chimpanzees are alive and as such deserve to be treated with dignity, since they feel pain, fear, anguish, among other feelings. In addition, it shows that it is logical for human beings to test biomedical advances that will benefit them only.
In a sense, the discrimination against African Americans is related to economic stratification. In the 17th century colonial Virginia, the concept of race was adopted and used as a justification for social classification for groups of people. This was a result of a violent uprising known as Bacon's Rebellion in which lower class African and Europeans both who were denied land holdings in the Virginia frontier. The rebellion was so destructive that the Virginian governing body set in place strict segregation between Africans and Europeans in a way to prevent them from collectively joining forces again to create another violent uprising. Since then, those of African have gradually lost certain rights and liberties in comparison to their Caucasian counterparts, to the imminent point in which Africans were nearly all reduced to the role of slaves. Even after the abolition of slavery, those of African descent were continuously denied abilities to obtain better economic and financial assets by a southern states that were still upset of losing their right to own slaves. This is evident by sharecropping being used as a way to keep African Americans on estates to work off for their freedom, as well as terroristic tactics used by the Ku Klux Klan, as well as forms of institutional racism that barred African Americans from the same working establishments as White Americans. In various ways, economic stratification has been a tool for discriminating African Americans throughout American history.<span />
The human brain undergoes complex and life-long changes especially at specific stages of development and this process is called maturation. It is a process of brain development in which minor modifications are made to improve the brains efficiency and ability, for example, to communicate. The brain does this by getting rid of redundant pathways or synapses by way of dendritic pruning and continues this remodeling throughout life. Perhaps the most important stages of maturation are during fetal development, early childhood and adolescence. There is individual variation in the maturation process and neuroimaging techniques have enabled the comparison in cortical and sub-cortical changes between different groups of children. A longitudinal neuroimaging study with 45 children aged 5-11 years reported that brain expansion increased by approximately 1 mm per year and predominantly in the frontal cortex. In fact, evidence suggests that the frontal cortex continues to mature well into adulthood and late 20’s (circa: 25-30 years of age). This is in contrast to the limbic system which ignites during puberty and makes the adolescent period a particularly vulnerable time.
Neurons are nerve cells which send electrochemical signals to each other. As a person processes an event, neurons in the brain pass information through synapses (tiny gaps between neurons). This invites surrounding neurons to start firing, creating a network of connections of various strengths. It’s this persistent change in the strength and pattern of connections that is a ‘memory’.
Infantile amnesia, the inability of adults to recollect early episodic memories, is associated with the rapid forgetting that occurs in childhood. It has been suggested that infantile amnesia is due to the underdevelopment of the infant brain, which would preclude memory consolidation, or to deficits in memory retrieval. Although early memories are inaccessible to adults, early-life events, such as neglect or aversive experiences, can greatly impact adult behavior and may predispose individuals to various psychopathologies. It remains unclear how a brain that rapidly forgets, or is not yet able to form long-term memories, can exert such a long-lasting and important influence. Here, with a particular focus on the hippocampal memory system, we review the literature and discuss new evidence obtained in rats that illuminates the paradox of infantile amnesia. We propose that infantile amnesia reflects a developmental critical period during which the learning system is learning how to learn and remember.
Yes it has the same average
Well the biosphere means living, so I would have to say B.water and living things.