Answer:
9 essential amino acids for requirement of children.
There are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine
Answer:
b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.
Explanation:
Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual. This occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.
In tobacco, nicotine is the main component triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain, nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors. This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.
The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.
Anorexia and bulimia are life-threatening conditions that should not be overlooked.
Anorexia and bulimia are both definitely life-threatening conditions. Bulimia is where somebody tries binges and then purges to try and prevent weight gain. Anorexia is where people progress through extreme weight loss. The condition is certainly life-threatening considering the person suffering usually refuses to eat or only eats a little calories. Anorexia nowadays is contemplated as 'starvation'.
Answer:
Psychiatrists
Explanation:
"Psychiatrists are licensed medical doctors who have completed psychiatric training. They can diagnose mental health conditions, prescribe and monitor medications and provide therapy"
