The Harlem Renaissance (also called the New Negro Movement) was a social, cultural, and artistic movement of African-American writers and painters between about 1920 and 1930.
The Harlem Renaissance was the first flowering of African-American art that went beyond individual works. Similar to the jazz era, the movement was triggered by the mass exodus of African-Americans from the southern states to the north (Great Migration). In New York's Harlem district, the African-American Philip Payton had taken over the real estate market from 1904 to a large extent. Since that time - and especially in the 1920s - Harlem had become synonymous with African American culture as the black middle class lived there.
The anthology The New Negro (1925), edited by Alain LeRoy Locke, had a major impact on the movement, in which the philosopher and critic collected prose, poetry, plays, and essays from a new generation of African-American authors. In his preface, Locke described the migration from the southern states to the north as "a kind of spiritual liberation" through which Afro-American art was able to develop its own identity for the first time - beyond the white role models. In the art of the Harlem renaissance also African traditions, African-American traditions as well as gospel and jazz play a big role. White writers, especially the journalist and photographer Carl van Vechten, also supported the movement - and were influenced by it. The patron Charlotte Mason employed and promoted a number of artists, but also had her own understanding of Native American and African American culture.
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Keshav Gangadhar Tilak
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Bal Gangadhar Tilak, born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, and an independence activist. He was one third of the Lal Bal Pal triumvirate. Tilak was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him "The father of the Indian unrest."
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In the United States the two major parties are administered by the Democratic National Committee and the Republican National Committee; these act as the leading bodies of those organizations at the national/administrative level, as well as local committees in a similar capacity within the local Democratic or Republican
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Henry VIII started the English Reformation in order to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Their marriage had not produced a male heir, and Henry decided that this was Catherine's fault.
Serenity means the state or quality of being calm, tranquil, or serene.
