Natural selection acts directly on those gene variations for traits or phenotypes.
The phenotype of an organism is the physical characteristic and is determined by the organism's genotype. Natural selection selects the genes that produce a certain phenotype by providing suitable conditions for a certain phenotype.
Answer: The answer is B- Diffusion of calcium ions through NMDA receptors.
Explanation:
Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a painful sensation experienced after the loss or amputation of a limb. The limb is no longer there but the individual can still feel real and severe pains in the limb. This occurs soon after surgery.
NMDA is a receptor for Glutamate which is an excitatory neurotransmitter. The activation of NMDA receptors are associated with hyperalgesia which is an abnormally heightened sensitivity to pain.
Answer:
If you did not follow the procedure as you should have.
Explanation:
You may have to repeat an experiment for several reasons. It can be because you need to be certain of the results so that you have to perform it several times. Or you need more precise results so that you can fine-tune the variables and repeat the experiment again.
The most common scenario where an experiment would be replicated would be in a situation where you did not follow the procedure that you have outlined exactly like you should have so that the results you got are not 100% reliable. In such a case, the experiment would need to be replicated for the correct results.
I hope this answer helps.
<span>Russell's case (two illnesses: bipolar disorder and substance use disorder) illustrates </span>comorbidity. The term comorbity is used in medicine to denote a presence of two diseases or disorders, one primary and one additional, both occurring at the same person.