Answer:
Changes in the composition of the atmosphere
Explanation:
Although this answer is very vague and generalized, it is the correct answer.
The increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere from modern manufacturing and engineering has increase carbon dioxide and methane concentrations in the upper atmosphere. These gasses have a chemical composition that allows the absorption and release of longwave radiation back to the Earth's surface slowly increasing the global average temperature.
- Xylem contains tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibre.
- Tracheids: They are elongated, tubular dead cells with tapering end walls.
- Vessels: These are also known as trachea. They are elongated, tubular dead cells. They are joined to each other by end to end forming a continuous pipe. The cells are thick and lignified.
- Xylem parenchyma: They are also called wood parenchyma. This is the only living tissue of xylem.
- Xylem fibre: They are dead cells with thick walled fibre.
- Phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.
- Sieve tubes: These are elongated, tubular living cells arranged in a row, with their perforated end walls forming a sieve. They are non-nucleated. Their protoplasm are inter-connected through sieve plates. They possess vacuoles.
- Companion cell: They are elongated, lens-shaped cells containing dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei. These cells maintain connection with sieve cells through pits.
- Phloem parenchyma: They are living thin walled parenchyma cells.
- Phloem fibre: They are also known as bast fibre. They are elongated fibre like sclerenchymatous dead cells with thick walls containing pits and interlocked ends. Phloem fibre are the only dead cells in phloem.
Hope you could get an idea from here.
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Answer:
Iron, Magnesium, and Nitrogen
Answer:
The phylogenetic graph uses several types of variables to be formed, while other models use only one type of variable.
Explanation:
To create a phylogenetic chart, matrices with data on the studied species are used. These data are composed of morphological, chemical and / or genetic information that allow a detailed investigation about the ancestry of each species, in addition to allowing the correct grouping based on this ancestry and evolution.
A phylogenetic graph is different from other molecular models due to the number of data considered by it, since other models, such as the molecular clock, for example, only consider genetic based information.
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