Aspirin is a weak acid with a Pka of 3.5. With this Pka of 3.5, it is in a neutral or what is known as protonated form at a pH below 2.5. At higher levels of pH, it becomes increasingly protonated or anionic, therefore, it is better absorbed in more acidic environment of the stomach. This is because absorption requires passage through the plasma membrane, the rate which is determined by the polarity of the molecule. Charged and highly polar molecules pass, slowly, while the neutral hydrophobic ones pass rapidly.
As "nurse" cells for neurons in the brain parenchyma, astrocytes are resident glial cells produced from neuroectoderm.
How astrocytes become pathological?
- Recent research has identified astrocytes as major disease-propagating agents in mutant human superoxide dismutase 1 (mSOD1)-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
- However, due to the widespread expression of mSOD1 throughout the CNS of the investigated rodent models, in vivo examination of a specific astrocytic effect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has proven challenging.
- In order to understand how mutant astrocytes affect WT MNs and other cell types (microglia and astrocytes) in an in vivo environment, we transplanted SOD1(G93A) glial-restricted precursor cells into the cervical spinal cord of WT rats.
- SOD1(G93A) glial-restricted progenitor cells that were transplanted survived and successfully differentiated into astrocytes.
Learn more about the Astrocytes with the help of the given link:
brainly.com/question/14747164
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Answer:
Neil Shubin bases his argument that the anatomy of Tiktaalik is relevant to that of humans by discussing specific features of the anatomy of Tiktaalik that vary from typical fish anatomy and correspond to features of the human body. For example, he points out that Tiktaalik has a neck that is able to bend independently of the rest of the body, unlike fish, and like all terrestrial vertebrates, including humans. Therefore, the evolutionary history of humans can be traced to an organism similar to Tiktaalik, resulting in the concept of the "inner fish."
Explanation:
This is a trick question - there is no mitosis 2.
Answer:
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Explanation:
vidio yg paling masuk dengan soal
