The answer would be A, a document made by someone who actually saw an event. A primary source is considered to be the most reliable account of an event.
The major issue dividing the North and South in the 1800s was slavery. the North thought slaves should be free and have the same rights as everyone else, but the South thought the complete opposite.
The correct answer is legislative.
The military falls under the jurisdiction of the legislative portion of the government because Congress (which is the legislative branch) has the ability to declare war. Since Congress has the ability to declare war, not having a military would greatly affect their ability to protect the US. This was one of several problems within the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation was America's first constitution and was eventually replaced after less than a decade by the US Constitution (still in use today).
From all these answers the answer would be A - they were, for the most part, united behind a goal for independence.