Hormones glucagon and insulin are produced in the alpha and beta cells respectively in the Islet of Langerhan in the pancreas. They are involved in the negative feedback system of blood glucose regulation in homeostasis.
GLUCAGON: when there is a low blood glucose concentration, the pancreas detect this and alpha cells produce and release glucagon. Glucagon causes the cells of the body to absorb less glucose from the blood. It also inhibits the process of converting glucose into glycogen (glycogenesis) and cause gluconeogenesis (process of converting amino acids/proteins and lipids/fats into glucose) and glycogenolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose). Finally, glucagon decreases the rate of respiration so less glucose is required.
INSULIN: when blood glucose is high, insulin is released. Insulin binds with cell surface receptors of cells and activates the enzymes attached to the receptor. The enzymes cause a conformational change in the structural proteins that surround glucose transport protein containing vesicles, causing them to move out of the way so the vesicles migrate up to the cell membrane and glucose transport proteins can fuse with it. Thus, more glucose can be taken in by cells. Insulin also cause glycogenesis (converting glucose into glycogen) and inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Basically insulin decreases blood glucose concentration (eg. after eating) and glucagon increases it (eg. skipping breakfast in the morning)
Step 1: Isolate the two kinds of DNA.
Step 2: Treat the plasmid and foreign DNA with the same restriction enzyme.
Step 3: Mix the foreign DNA with chopped plasmids.
Step 4: Add DNA ligase.
Answer:
carbon recycling
Explanation:
it is released in respiration
The expression which is the correct way to calculate the frequency of the dominant allele is 134/200. Thus, the correct option is D.
<h3>What is Allelic frequency?</h3>
The allelic frequency may be defined as the sum total of all the alleles of a gene in a population. It represents the overall genetic diversity within a population.
The allelic frequency is calculated by the formula when the genotypes are given in number. It is as follows:
2 × Number of Purebred dominant + Number of heterozygous/ 2× Total number of individuals in a population.
∴ Allelic frequency of dominant allele = 2 × 50 + 34/ 2× 100 = 134/200 = 0.67.
The allelic frequency of the Dominant allele is 0.67 while the allelic frequency of the recessive allele is 0.33.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Answer:
Choloroplast
Explanation:
The choloroplast hosts the enzymatic machinery that carries out photosynthesis. These proteins are embedded in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. Of these proteins PSII and PSI contain chlorophyll molecules.
