Answer:
The Age of Exploration relied on the creation or improvement of many forms of technology. Cartography, or the making of maps, became more accurate during this time period, which guided navigators on their journeys. Ships, such as the caravel, were created that offered safer and more efficient passage. In addition, tools for navigation developed. For example, the astrolabe, first used by astronomers, was later adapted by mariners to use the angle of the sun to determine the latitude of one's location. The magnetic compass was also useful in determining a ship's path. Navigation required the development of better timepieces, such as hour glasses and, later, clocks, so sailors could determine the time of their shifts on deck. Scientific discoveries evolved as a result of the needs of explorers for more accurate maps, faster ships, better tools for navigation, and more accurate timepieces. These discoveries helped fuel the development of the Scientific Revolution.
A development from 1861 to 1865 not directly mentioned in the excerpt to support McPherson historical argument interpretation of the civil war is on the question passed on whether to concentrate on war that killed over a million people or to question whether the war was a necessity. The excerpt supports McPherson's argument that the war was in three forms, first through the mobilization of human and material resources by both sides, secondly, it ended with negotiated peace where victory ranged on one side but destroyed the economy and social systems of the losers. It led to the creation of a new Nation.
