Answer:
the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms, usually a species. it occurs when the last individual of a plant or animal species dies out or due to human activity, such as over hunting or through habitat destruction.
Explanation:
this should break it down clear enough
A Leather jacket bdheueugenwudhe
The fossils which are plants and animal remnants change over time. The Law of Superposition is a law that governs the geochronology, which states that in any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer can be found on the top and the oldest can be found at the bottom, with each layer being younger than the one under it and older than the one above it.
These elements works in a synergy to explain and to help persons of interest understand the idea of evolution which stresses out that the modern day species came from a distinctively different species.
Answer:
1-by transfecting small interfering RNAs against target genes of interest
2-by using comparative genomics strategies in order to infer functional relationships among target genes of interest and homologous genes responsible for virulence in other bacteria (e.g., antibiotic resistance genes)
3- by inducing mutations through site-directed mutagenesis in order to study gene function (i.e., by examining the effects of knockout mutations)
Explanation:
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS), also known as complete genome sequencing, refers to Next Generation Sequencing technologies that allow the obtention of the entire genetic sequence of an organism/cell, which can be used as a reference genome to understand gene function, evolutionary relationships, etc. The information provided by WGS technologies allows making many different types of genetic analyses in order to understand gene function. First, the nucleotide reference sequence can be used to design complementary small interfering RNAs that trigger degradation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, thereby inhibiting gene function (in this case, inhibiting genes associated with virulence in the bacterial strain). Second, a reference genome is required to perform bioinformatic data analyses in order to identify homologous genes associated with virulence in evolutionarily related bacteria, allowing identify, for example, antibiotic resistance genes or sequence polymorphisms (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) associated with gene function. Third, the information provided by a reference genome can also be used to trigger site-directed mutagenesis (for example, by using the highly precise CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology) in order to knock out specific genes of interest and thus analyze if the bacterial strain is still infectious.
