The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was the military conflict fought by Spain and Portugal, assisted by the United Kingdom, against the invading and occupying forces of France for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. ... Pretexts were plentiful; Portugal was Britain's oldest ally in Europe, Britain was.
This is a philosophy asserting that certain rights are inherent by virtue of human nature or transcendent source. As a result, we are naturally inclined towards certain objective principles that come from our nature and can be discovered through reason.
The stability that the Roman, Han, and Gupta Empires brought spurred trade in Asia on the Silk Roads. This greatly benefited all three empires and the areas in between. Wealth and ideas passed along the trade network providing the money and ideas necessary for Golden Ages.
