Answer:
- <u>Cell has a limited supply of NAD+</u>
Explanation:
Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm, where glucose is broken down for energy processing. Energy is produced by aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen, whereas anaerobic respiration can be carried out in an oxygen-deprived environment.
Fermentation is one kind of anaerobic respiration- here, the cells use glucose to generate a Net 2 molecules of ATP from the 6carbon sugar. Glucose is first converted to pyruvate, which is oxidized in a complex process. While 4 ATP are produced in fermentation, 2ATP are used in regenerating NAD+ from NADH2.
Two types of fermentation include lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. These occur in single-celled, and multicellular microbes.
Answer:
The most recent common ancestor of all currently living organisms is the last universal ancestor, which lived about 3.9 billion years ago. ... 6,331 groups of genes common to all living animals have been identified; these may have arisen from a single common ancestor that lived 650 million years ago in the Precambrian.
Since I can't physically insert the appropriate heading, with units, I'll make the data table below by using the information given.
Disk-----------Measurement of ZOI (mm) also acceptable is ZOI (mm)
A--------------13 ( +/- 2 mm)
B--------------8
C-------------0
D-------------9
Answer:
Antibodies
Explanation:
Bordetella pertussis is an obligate human pathogen and is the etiological agent of whooping cough. It is known to be an opportunistic organism.
The pathogenic mechanism of Bordetella pertussis is also known as virulence factor. These virulence factors are known to include adhesins such as filamentous haemagglutinin, fimbriae and pertactin, which allow B. pertussis to bind to ciliated epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract.
It is known to be the agent of whooping cough, a highly contagious respiratory disease, dramatic for infants and also for elderly and pregnant women.
In this case, the antibodies will be the response that is uniquely directed against the organism. It is said earlier that this organism is an opportunistic one, this means that it causes infection when the immunity is down. So, when the immunity is empowered , it will definitely fight against the organism
