A los humanos se nos clasifica entre los hominoideos, donde se incluyen los llamados simios antropomorfos (de forma humana) como los chimpancés, los gorilas, los orangutanes y los gibones. De éstos, nuestros parientes más cercanos son los chimpancés, luego los gorilas, y mucho más alejados los orangutanes y gibones.
Pero a pesar de grandes semejanzas, los seres humanos tenemos características biológicas distintivas como el cerebro más grande y la postura erecta que nos permite caminar en dos extremidades; además, la cara plana debido a la reducción de los maxilares, el dedo pulgar oponible más largo (lo que permite mayores habilidades de manipulación como la escritura, el manejo de herramientas, etc.), reducción del vello y cambios en las glándulas de la piel, ovulación críptica (que pasa desapercibida), desarrollo lento, inteligencia (pensamiento abstracto, categorización y razonamiento) y habilidad para hablar más desarrolladas, así como el uso, control y modificación del entorno.
También se nos distingue de nuestros antepasados directos por diferencias no biológicas a las que podemos llamar culturales, y que son típicamente humanas, como la fabricación de herramientas, el lenguaje simbólico, el saber que nos vamos a morir algún día, una organización social basada en la división del trabajo, el desarrollo de una capacidad moral y el establecimiento de relaciones afectivas más profundas y variadas. La cultura es una característica que incluye también a las instituciones políticas y sociales, al arte, la ciencia y la literatura, y en general todas las creaciones de la mente humana
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The Solar System is the Sun and everything that orbit around it. It is orbited by a lot of things,including comets,planets,and asteroids. The solar system was formed by gravity in a large molecular cloud. The solar system is 4.6 billion years old. The biggest thing that orbit around it is the 8 major planets.
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On August 9, 1760, with the prospect of starvation looming, the fort's commander, Paul Demere, asked the Cherokee for terms of surrender.After the massacre of several Cherokee chiefs who were being held hostage at Fort Prince George, the Cherokee laid siege to Fort Loudoun in March 1760. The fort's garrison held out for several months, but diminishing supplies forced its surrender in August 1760.
The Middle Ages as a time culturally dominated by religion, casting a shadow over the arts and sciences, preventing them from flourishing freely. This idea considered the Middle Ages to be the Dark Ages.
The word middle indicates something that is in an intermediate position. For the eighteenth-century thinkers known as the Enlightenment, this period of history was between Classical Antiquity, ended with the conquest of Rome by the Heruli in 476, and the Modern Age, of which they were a part, beginning with the conquest of city of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
This was a way of looking at the world based on European history, disregarding the other regions of the planet. This kind of thinking was called Eurocentrism because it placed the European continent as the center of analysis. These eighteenth-century thinkers disregarded what had happened in other regions of the planet, such as the Islamic Empire, the Americas, or even China.
Moreover, during the Renaissance, it was conventionally called the Middle Ages of the Dark Ages because the Renaissance placed itself as heirs of thought and science developed by the Greeks and Romans, reviving the culture of antiquity. For the Renaissance, during the Middle Ages, the arts and sciences, compared to antiquity, had declined. The responsibility for this would be largely the Catholic Church, which dominated Europe politically, economically and culturally at the time. Religious domination would have impeded the development of reason, creating an era of backwardness and primitivism.
