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3 years ago

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According to a recent survey, the probability that the driver in a fatal vehicle accident is female (event F) is 0.2805. The p

robability that the driver is 24 years old or less (event A) is 0.1759. The probability that the driver is female and is 24 years old or less is 0.0424. Answer parts (a) through (d) below.
(a) Find the probability of FUA. P (FUA)Round to four decimal places as needed.)

(b) Find the probability of F'UA. P(FUA) (Round to four decimal places as needed.)

(c) Find the probability of FnA'

1 answer:

Aleks [24]3 years ago

4 0

Question d:

(D) Find the probability of F'nA'

Answer:

0.4140

0.7619

0.2381

0.9576

Step-by-step explanation:

Given that :

Female in fatal accident P(F) = 0.2805

Driver is 24 years or less P(A) = 0.1759

Driver is female and 24 years or less P(FnA) = 0.0424

A.) Find the probability of FUA.

P(FUA) = P(F) + P(A) - P(FnA)

= 0.2805 + 0.1759 - 0.0424

= 0.4140

(b) Find the probability of F'UA.

P(F'UA) = 1 - P(F) + P(FnA)

= 1 - 0.2805 + 0.0424

= 0.7619

C.) P(FnA') = 1 - P(F'UA)

= 1 - 0.7619

= 0.2381

(d) Find the probability of F'nA'

P(F'nA') = (FnA)' = 1 - (FnA)

= 1 - 0.0424

= 0.9576

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3 years ago

After a large scale earthquake, it is predicted that 15% of all buildings have been structurally compromised.a) What is the prob

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Answer:

a) 13.68% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find exactly one that is structurally compromised.

b) 17.56% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find less than 2 that are structurally compromised

c) 17.02% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find greater than 4 that are structurally compromised

d) 75.70% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find between 2 and 5 (inclusive) that are structurally compromised

e) The expected number of buildings that an engineer will find structurally compromised if the engineer inspects 20 buildings is 3.

Step-by-step explanation:

For each building, there are only two possible outcomes after a earthquake. Either they have been damaged, or they have not. The probability of a building being damaged is independent from other buildings. So we use the binomial probability distribution to solve this question.

Binomial probability distribution

The binomial probability is the probability of exactly x successes on n repeated trials, and X can only have two outcomes.

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

In which $C_{n,x}$ is the number of different combinations of x objects from a set of n elements, given by the following formula.

$C_{n,x} = \frac{n!}{x!(n-x)!}$

And p is the probability of X happening.

15% of all buildings have been structurally compromised.

This means that $p = 0.15$

20 buildings

This means that $n = 20$

a) What is the probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find exactly one that is structurally compromised?

This is P(X = 1).

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

$P(X = 1) = C_{20,1}.(0.15)^{1}.(0.85)^{19} = 0.1368$

13.68% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find exactly one that is structurally compromised.

b) What is the probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find less than 2 that are structurally compromised?

$P(X < 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1)$

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

$P(X = 0) = C_{20,0}.(0.15)^{0}.(0.85)^{20} = 0.0388$

$P(X = 1) = C_{20,1}.(0.15)^{1}.(0.85)^{19} = 0.1368$

$P(X < 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) = 0.0388 + 0.1368 = 0.1756$

17.56% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find less than 2 that are structurally compromised

c) What is the probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find greater than 4 that are structurally compromised?

Either they find 4 or less, or they find more than 4. The sum of the probabilities of these events is 1. So

$P(X \leq 4) + P(X > 4) = 1$

$P(X > 4) = 1 - P(X \leq 4)$

In which

$P(X \leq 4) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) + P(X = 3) + P(X = 4)$

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

$P(X = 0) = C_{20,0}.(0.15)^{0}.(0.85)^{20} = 0.0388$

$P(X = 1) = C_{20,1}.(0.15)^{1}.(0.85)^{19} = 0.1368$

$P(X = 2) = C_{20,2}.(0.15)^{2}.(0.85)^{18} = 0.2293$

$P(X = 3) = C_{20,3}.(0.15)^{3}.(0.85)^{17} = 0.2428$

$P(X = 4) = C_{20,4}.(0.15)^{4}.(0.85)^{16} = 0.1821$

$P(X \leq 4) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) + P(X = 3) + P(X = 4) = 0.0388 + 0.1368 + 02293 + 0.2428 + 0.1821 = 0.8298$

$P(X > 4) = 1 - P(X \leq 4) = 1 - 0.8298 = 0.1702$

17.02% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find greater than 4 that are structurally compromised

d) What is the probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find between 2 and 5 (inclusive) that are structurally compromised?

$P(2 \leq X \leq 5) = P(X = 2) + P(X = 3) + P(X = 4) + P(X = 5)$

$P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}$

$P(X = 2) = C_{20,2}.(0.15)^{2}.(0.85)^{18} = 0.2293$

$P(X = 3) = C_{20,3}.(0.15)^{3}.(0.85)^{17} = 0.2428$

$P(X = 4) = C_{20,4}.(0.15)^{4}.(0.85)^{16} = 0.1821$

$P(X = 5) = C_{20,5}.(0.15)^{5}.(0.85)^{15} = 0.1028$

$P(2 \leq X \leq 5) = P(X = 2) + P(X = 3) + P(X = 4) + P(X = 5) = 0.2293 + 0.2428 + 0.1821 + 0.1028 = 0.7570$

75.70% probability that if engineers inspect 20 buildings they will find between 2 and 5 (inclusive) that are structurally compromised

e) What is the expected number of buildings that an engineer will find structurally compromised if the engineer inspects 20 buildings?

The expected value of the binomial distribution is:

$E(X) = np$

So

$E(X) = 20*0.15 = 3$

The expected number of buildings that an engineer will find structurally compromised if the engineer inspects 20 buildings is 3.

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