The existence of pre-tax cost of debt and post-tax cost of debt is due
to the acknoledgement of the tax benefit from issuing debt.There is no
tax benefit from paying divdends,so it makes no sense talking about
pre-tax,post-tax cost of equity for a firm.When you think about cash
flow to equity you can only assume that the taxes owed by the company
have already been paid.Now, the taxation over the income of the
shareholder is a whole different issue that does not take place in this
discussion,since it is not taken in consideration either in cost of
equity or cost of debt.
Answer:
A mutual fund is an investment program funded by shareholders that trades in diversified holdings and is professionally managed.
Risks:
The level of risk in a mutual fund depends on what it invests in. Stocks are generally riskier than bonds, so an equity fund tends to be riskier than a fixed income fund. Plus some specialty mutual funds focus on certain kinds of investments, such as emerging markets, to try to earn a higher return. These kinds of funds also tend to have a greater risk of a larger drop in value—yet the greater the risk, the greater the reward (or potential for higher returns).
Risks of Investing in Equity Mutual Funds The below are a few key risks involved with investing in equity funds: Volatility Risk: An equity fund invests primarily in the shares of companies listed on stock exchanges. Thus, the value of an equity fund is directly related to the performance of companies, in stocks of which it has invested.
Answer:
Net income of the company accounted for $400,000
Explanation:
Net income is the income or the amount of residual income from the earnings after deducting all the expense or cost from the sales.
The net income or loss of the company accounted for is computed as:
Net Income or Loss = Net Income - Research and Development cost
where
Net Income amounts to $3,400,000
Research and Development cost amounts to $3,000,000
So, putting the values above:
Net Income or loss = $3,400,000 - $3,000,000
Net Income = $400,000
Answer:
The income effect
Explanation:
The income effect refers to an increase in the purchasing power of customers simply because the products or services that they want to buy are cheaper. Since the price of the products or services decreases, the customers are able to purchase a higher quantity of them.
Answer:
It will affect Wendy's fast- food sales negatively.
Explanation:
Especially if the competitors have larger market share than Wendy's Fast-food. There will be a switch in consumers from Wendy's Fast-food to it's competitor, therefore reducing its sales and invariably reducing it's profit.
Therefore, Wendy's fast-food should be in tune with price fluctuation of it's competitors especially if it is a price decrease.
