A trade that involves more than one state, and that is, under the constitution, a proper subject of federal law
"Equality of rights was given to slaves"
Slavery ended in the United States in the spring of 1865, when the Confederate armies surrendered. All slaves of the Confederation were freed by the Proclamation of Emancipation, which stipulated that the slaves of all the states that had split off from the Union would be free from that moment. The slaves of the border states and those of the parts of the South that were in the hands of the United States were released in December of that same year thanks to the Thirteenth Amendment. From this moment on, slaves were given equal rights, although they were not reflected at that precise moment if the foundations were laid for this to happen in the future.
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Farming: The practice of agriculture might be the least impactful compared to ranching and mining. The consistent use of land for vegetation consumes all the nutrients a plot of soil can offer; crop rotation is a viable solution to this problem. The environmental footprint of farming becomes airborne (and still affects the soil) once insecticides are used to protect crops from potential plagues.
Mining: Mining can cause pollution in every medium possible, depending on the location it is practiced on. It affects air when unrefined materials are released to the surface; causes the destruction of soil and vegetation once these are removed to reach the minerals undergound; contaminate water when draining acid from mines and increasing sedimentation on water streams; reduces biodiversity by destroying natural habitats.
Ranching: The great amounts of livestock release high levels of carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere, degradating everything the gas emissions reach. This results in water degradation, biodiversity loss, air pollution, deforestation, and acid rain. Cattle is one of the highest factors that contribute to climate change.
It can be concluded that Mining and Ranching are similar in the areas of affection, but differ in the mediums to do it. Farming does not create as much pollution as these two, and its effects are somewhat reversible.