Answer:
8) scale factor: 3
angles Q & L, S & N, r & M
sides 10 x 3 = 30, 6 x 3 = 18, 13 x 3 = 39
9) scale factor: 0.4
angles B & F, C & G, D & H, A & E
sides 9 x 0.4 = 3.6, 7.5 x 0.4 = 3, 10 x 0.4 = 4, 12 x 0.4 = 4.8
Separate the vectors into their <em>x</em>- and <em>y</em>-components. Let <em>u</em> be the vector on the right and <em>v</em> the vector on the left, so that
<em>u</em> = 4 cos(45°) <em>x</em> + 4 sin(45°) <em>y</em>
<em>v</em> = 2 cos(135°) <em>x</em> + 2 sin(135°) <em>y</em>
where <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> denote the unit vectors in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions.
Then the sum is
<em>u</em> + <em>v</em> = (4 cos(45°) + 2 cos(135°)) <em>x</em> + (4 sin(45°) + 2 sin(135°)) <em>y</em>
and its magnitude is
||<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>|| = √((4 cos(45°) + 2 cos(135°))² + (4 sin(45°) + 2 sin(135°))²)
… = √(16 cos²(45°) + 16 cos(45°) cos(135°) + 4 cos²(135°) + 16 sin²(45°) + 16 sin(45°) sin(135°) + 4 sin²(135°))
… = √(16 (cos²(45°) + sin²(45°)) + 16 (cos(45°) cos(135°) + sin(45°) sin(135°)) + 4 (cos²(135°) + sin²(135°)))
… = √(16 + 16 cos(135° - 45°) + 4)
… = √(20 + 16 cos(90°))
… = √20 = 2√5
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