What is a characteristic of high-level languages?
1 answer:
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Answer:
C code for half()
#include<stdio.h>
void half(float *pv);
int main()
{
float value=5.0; //value is initialized
printf ("Value before half: %4.1f\n", value); // Prints 5.0
half(&value); // the function call takes the address of the variable.
printf("Value after half: %4.1f\n", value); // Prints 2.5
}
void half(float *pv) //In function definition pointer pv will hold the address of variable passed.
{
*pv=*pv/2; //pointer value is accessed through * operator.
}
- This method is called call-by-reference method.
- Here when we call a function, we pass the address of the variable instead of passing the value of the variable.
- The address of “value” is passed from the “half” function within main(), then in called “half” function we store the address in float pointer ‘pv.’ Now inside the half(), we can manipulate the value pointed by pointer ‘pv’. That will reflect in the main().
- Inside half() we write *pv=*pv/2, which means the value of variable pointed by ‘pv’ will be the half of its value, so after returning from half function value of variable “value” inside main will be 2.5.
Output:
Output is given as image.
Answer:
Here is the C program:
#include <stdio.h> //to use input output functions
//functions prototype
unsigned int mod(unsigned int a, unsigned int b);
unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b);
unsigned int sub( unsigned int a,unsigned int b);
float divide(unsigned int a,unsigned int b);
unsigned int add( unsigned int a,unsigned int b);
int main() { //start of main method
unsigned int a, b; //declare variables to store the operands
char d; //declare variable to store the operator
printf("Enter an operator: "); //prompts user to enter an operator
scanf("%c",&d); //reads the operator from use
getchar(); //gets a character
while (d!='q') { //keeps iterating until user enters q to quit
printf("Enter 1st operand: "); //prompts user to enter first operand
scanf("%d",&a); //reads first operand from user
getchar(); //reads character
printf("Enter 2nd operand: "); //prompts user to enter second operand
scanf("%d",&b); //reads second operand from user
getchar();
if (d=='%') { //if the character of operator is a mod
printf("%d",a); //prints operand 1
putchar(d); //displays operator
printf("%d",b); //displays operand 2
printf(" = "); //displays =
mod(a,b); } //displays computed modulo of two input operands
if (d=='*') //if the input character is for multiplication operator
{printf("%d",a); //prints operand 1
putchar(d); //displays operator
printf("%d",b); //displays operand 2
printf(" = "); //displays =
mul(a,b); } //displays computed multiplication
if (d=='+') { //if the input character is for addition operator
printf("%d",a); //prints operand 1
putchar(d); //displays operator
printf("%d",b); //displays operand 2
printf(" = "); // displays =
add(a,b); } //displays computed addition
if (d=='/') { //if the input character is for division operator
printf("%d",a); // prints operand 1
putchar(d); //displays operator
printf("%d",b); //displays operand 2
printf(" = "); //displays =
divide(a,b); } //displays computed division
if (d=='-') { //if the input character is for subtraction operator
printf("%d",a); //prints operand 1
putchar(d); //displays operator
printf("%d",b); // displays operand 2
printf(" = "); //displays =
sub(a,b); } //displays computed subtraction
printf("Enter an operator: "); //asks again to enter an operator
scanf("%c",&d); //reads operator from user
getchar(); } } //gets character
unsigned int mod( unsigned int a, unsigned int b){ //function to compute modulo of two integers with no sign
int c = a%b; //computes mod
printf("%d",c); } //displays mod result
unsigned int add(unsigned int a, unsigned int b){ // function to compute addition of two integers
int c = a+b; //computes addition
printf("%d\n",c); } //displays result of addition
unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b){ //function to compute multiplication of two integers
int c = a*b; //multiplies two integers
printf("%d\n",c); } //displays result of multiplication
float divide(unsigned int a, unsigned int b){ //function to compute division of two integers
float c = a/b; //divides two integers and stores result in floating point variable c
printf("%f\n",c); } //displays result of division
unsigned int sub(unsigned int a, unsigned int b){ //function to compute subtraction of two integers
int c = a-b; //subtracts two integers
printf("%d\n",c); } //displays result of subtraction
Explanation:
The program is well explained in the comments mentioned with each line of the program. The program uses while loop that keeps asking user to select an operator and two operands to perform arithmetic calculations. The if conditions are used to check what arithmetic calculation is to be performed based on user choice of operand and calls the relevant function to perform calculation. There are five functions that perform addition, modulo, subtraction, division and multiplication and display the result of computation. The screenshot of output is attached.
