Cladograms are tree-like diagrams used to show relationships between different organisms. The node represents the end of the ancestral taxon under consideration, the stems and the species that split from the ancestor.
Hi
T<span>he </span>troposphere<span> is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere.
hope this helps:)</span>
Answer:
primary; counter; Gram-positive; Gram-negative
Explanation:
The illustration is about the <u>Gram-staining procedure.</u>
<em>The procedure is used to distinguish between the bacteria that have a thick cell wall capable of retaining the color of a dye (Gram-positive) or otherwise (Gram-negative). </em>
A smear of the bacterium to be tested is heat-fixed to a clean glass slide after which a suitable primary stain is added, allowed to stay for a few seconds, and rinsed. A mordant is then added, rinsed before a counter-stain is added, and also rinsed. The slide is then allowed to drain off water and then viewed under the microscope using the oil immersion. Gram-positive bacteria will appear blue or purple, taking up the color of the stain while Gram-negative bacteria will appear red under the microscope.
Ans.
-A species may defined as the largest group of organisms, which are similar to each other and show ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Genetic diversity is defined as total number of genetic features in a species' genetic makeup.
-Natural selection results in evolution, when characteristics in organisms of species with greater survival and reproductive rate than other organisms of a population transmit to their offspring. Over many generations, individuals of one species evolve into other species, due to gradual modified characteristics.
-Mutations are defined as permanent, hereditary changes in genetic material or DNA. Change in DNA of an organism over successive generations leads to change in a population's genetic composition that results in evolution.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?
A) a duplication of all or most introns
B) a large inversion whose ends are each in intergenic regions
C) a nucleotide substitution in an exon coding for a transmembrane domain
D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site
E) a frameshift mutation one codon away from the 3' end of the nontemplate strand
Answer: D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site
Explanation:
Deletion or insertion of a single nucleotide in an axon coding for an active site is called frameshift mutation.
The sequence of codons is read during translation, in order to synthesize a amino acids chain and form a protein from the nucleotide sequence. Frameshift mutations occur when the usual codon sequence is broken by the deletion or addition of one or more nucleotides. For example, if only one nucleotide is removed from the axon sequence during the RNA splicing process, then there will be a disrupted reading frame for all codons before and after the mutation. This may result in several incorrect amino acids being introduced into the protein. Disruption in protein sequence will cause phenotypic change.
Hence, the correct option is D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site
.