Hi!
The answers would be 1. (D) and 2. (B)
<h3>Explanation of Answer 1</h3>
Ice cores are in essence drilled cylinders that are acquired from glaciers or ice sheets. Ice sheets and glaciers are formed over many years as a result of deposits of snow layers. As these layers form, the lower layers become denser with each new layer, owing to pressure, and in the process it traps the air, which is preserved in the form of bubbles in the layer, therein preserving the composition of the air at a particular period of time. Scientists use ice cores to compare the atmospheric composition of previous years to those of recent years, and the gas mainly studied is carbon dioxide owing to its bringing about a climatic change.
<h3>Explanation of Answer 2</h3>
The Earth's orbit is caused by the gravitational attraction that is present between the Earth and the Sun, but changes due to the shape of the orbit (eccentricity), the wobble of the Earth about its axis (precession), and the axial tilt of the Earth (obliquity). These cause a change in the Earths orbit, which give rise to Milankovitch's cycles. Milankovitch's Cycles describes a revolutionary movement of the Earth around the Sun. These cycles are observed to be determinants of the climate of the Earth, in the regard of how much heat or energy the Earth is exposed to.
Hope this helps!
Cancer cells are less likely than normal cells to undergo _apoptosis______, or programmed cell death.
Apoptosis is synonymous to programmed cell death
Explanation:
Programed cells death of the cell is required to maintain proper tissue homeostasis. Examples of when apoptosis is necessary are when a cell may have errors in its DNA replication process. Apoptosis ensures the cell does not continue dividing and generating cells with the error. Other forms of damage to a cell that is hard to repair also require that the cell undergo apoptosis.
In cancer cells, apoptosis pathway faulted and even when cells are required to undergo programmed cell death, such as in the case when lethal mutations occur, the cell continues to divide creating many cells that have the defect. This is what creates cancer tumors,
Learn More:
For more on cancer check out;
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1. weathering reduces solid rocks to smaller and smaller particles and erosion is the removal and movement of rocks/debris. so u could say that weathering breaks rocks down and erosion takes it away
2. water, wind, gravity
3. vegetation reinforces soil through growing over the loose soil to prevent erosion
1. - loss of fertile land and increased sedimentation in rivers
2. deforestation, agriculture, human induced climate change
Answer:
C. 40
Explanation:
Pure-breeding means that the individuals are homozygous for the genes being analyzed.
From Mendel's Law of Dominance we know that the traits that appear in the F1 are the dominant ones.
I will call:
P_ = purple flowers
pp = red flowers
L_ = long pollen
ll = round pollen
Initial cross:
P Pl/Pl x pL/pL
F1 Pl/pL
<u>Test cross</u> (cross with a homozygous recessive individual):
Pl/pL x pl/pl
<u>Expected progeny:</u>
Pl/pl = Parental (purple flowers, round pollen)
pL/pl = Parental (red flowers, long pollen)
PL/pl = Recombinant (purple flowers, long pollen)
pl/pl = Recombinant (red flowers, round pollen)
20% of the offspring have purple flowers and long pollen (PL/pl).
Every time crossing over happens in the meiosis of the F1 individual, both a <em>PL</em> gamete and a <em>pl</em> gamete form. That means that 20% of the offspring will also be pl/pl, and the total proportion of the offspring that will be recombinants will be 40%.
A distance of 1 map unit corresponds to a recombinant frequency of 1%.
A recombinant frequency of 40% therefore means that 40 map units separate the glower color and pollen shape genes.
