It was the French and Indian war.
Alfred Thayer Mahan was the one who took the position that the United States should establish naval bases outside of the country. Alfred was named "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century", and was known for being a naval officer for most of his life.
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) was a mathematician and astronomer who proposed that the sun was stationary in the center of the universe and the earth revolved around it.
Professions: mathematician, writer
Born: 19 February 1473, Torun
One society living under one government is a State.
..........The answer is D